TUGAS
PEMASARAN HASIL PERTANIAN
PEMETAAN
SENTRA
KOMODITI
AREN
DISUSUN
OLEH:
Fitriana Ayu Puspitasari 4441131681
Ihsaniyah 4441131065
Latifatul Asmal 4441131842
Siti Munawaroh 4441131610
Risna Dwi
Setiawati 4441131069
JURUSAN AGRIBISNIS
FAKULTAS PERTANIAN
UNIVERSITAS SULTAN
AGENG TIRTAYASA
SERANG
2015
Di Provinsi Banten perkebunan aren
tersebar di dua Kabupaten yaitu di Kabupaten Lebak (1.717 ha) dan Kabupaten
Pandeglang (1.220 ha). Sentra perkembangan tanaman aren Provinsi Banten adalah
di Kabupaten Lebak, yang terkonsentrasi di 6 kecamatan, yaitu : Kecamatan
Cijaku, Muncung, Gunung Kencana, Bojong Manik, Leuwidamar dan Panggarangan.
Salah satu bentuk produk yang banyak diusahakan oleh petani aren di Kabupaten
Lebak adalah gula aren. Produksi gula aren di Kabupaten Lebak dari enam
kecamatan sentra produksi sebesar 1.202,80 ton/tahun yang dihasilkan dari
24.615 pohon, sehingga setiap pohon aren diprediksi mampu menghasilkan 48,86 kg/pohon/tahun.
Sebagian besar produksi gula aren
dari petani berupa gula cetak atau gula batok, dan hanya sebagian kecil berupa
gula semut. Selama ini produksi gula semut dilakukan oleh industry pengolahan
yang mengolah kembali gula cetak menjadi gula semut. Daerah sentra penghasil
gula aren di Banten hamper seluruhnya terkonsentrasi di Kabupaten Lebak. Gula
aren cetak dari sentra produksi mengalir ke pasar-pasar kecamatan terutama
pasar Kupa (di Cijaku), pasar Cisiih dan Sukahaji (di Panggarangan), dan pasar
Sareweh (di Bojong Manik). Gula aren cetak biasanya dibungkus dengan daun aren
menjadi sebuah “torosan” (istilah setempat). Satu toros terdiri dari 25 buah
aren cetak. Petani umumnya membawa 1-2 pikul setiap pecan pasar (hari sabtu).
Satu pikul gula aren cetak di tingkat petani sekitar Rp.180.000 per pikul
(berat 1 buah gula aren cetak sekitar 0,30 kg). jadi dalam 1 pikul beratnya
mencapai 30 kg, dan harga gula aren di tingkat petani sekitar Rp.6.000 per kg
(Rachman, 2007)
Lebih lanjut, dari kajian BPTP Banten
(2005) dan Rachman (2007) dapat diungkapkan sebagai berikut: transaksi
pembayaran antara petani dan pedagang pengumpul dilakukan secara tunai, dalam 1
minggu gula aren cetak diangkut petani ke pasar kupa berkisar 30.000-40.000
buah, sehingga volume perdagangan gula aren cetak di pasar kupa-Cijaku berkisar
9-12 ton per minggu. Pasar lainnya berkisar 6-8 ton. Para pedagang pengumpul
(PP) I, selanjutnya menjual gula aren ke PP II (bandar) dengan harga Rp.
210.000per pikul (100 butir) atau sekitar Rp. 7.000 per kg.
Selanjutnya, PP II (bandar) menjual
gula aren cetak ke pedagang besar (PB) dikota kabupaten. Harga jual gula aren
cetak dari PP II ke PB sekitar Rp. 225.000 per pikul (100 buah) atau Rp. 7.500
per kg. para PB umumnya memiliki gudang penyimpanan gula aren. Gula aren dari
pedagang besar dijual untuk pasaran local di Banten dan juga ke Jakarta. Marjin
pemasaran tertinggi diperoleh PP II sebesar Rp. 1.100/kg, kemudian PP I
(Rp800/kg), sementara PB dan industry pengolahan memperoleh marjin pemasaran
masing-masing Rp. 650/kg dan Rp. 700/kg. pedagang pengumpul I dan PP II ada
kalanya menjual gula aren cetak ke industry pengolahan gula semut. Marjin
pengolahan yang diperoleh industry sebesar Rp. 660/kg.
Selengkapnya alur pemasaran gula aren
disajikan pada
gambar berikut ini:
Industri pengolahan
gula semut di Banten (2 industri)
|
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